Grade 4 Science Practice Test: Rocks, Minerals and Weathering
- Rocks, Minerals and Weathering
- 10 questions
- 13 minutes
Rocks form in different ways and slowly break down over time. Remember the difference: weathering breaks rock apart, erosion carries the pieces away.
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Question 1
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Correct answer: A
Weathering breaks rock into smaller pieces. Erosion carries those pieces to a new place by water, wind or ice.
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Question 2
Water seeps into a crack in a rock. At night the water freezes and expands. This happens again and again.
What happens to the rock?
Correct answer: B
Freezing water takes up more space and pushes the crack open a little more each time. This is weathering by ice.
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Question 3
A tree grows from a crack in a big rock. As its roots grow, what can they do?
Correct answer: C
Growing roots push on the sides of the crack and slowly break the rock. Plants can cause weathering.
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Question 4
A river flows through the same place for millions of years and cuts a deep canyon. What formed the canyon?
Correct answer: B
The river slowly wore away rock and carried the pieces downstream. The Grand Canyon formed this way.
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Question 5
In a desert, hills of sand slowly change shape and move. What moves the sand?
Correct answer: B
Dry, loose sand is easily blown by the wind, which builds and moves sand dunes.
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Question 6
How does igneous rock form?
Correct answer: A
Igneous rock forms when magma or lava cools. Pressed layers make sedimentary rock, and heat and pressure make metamorphic rock.
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Question 7
Which kind of rock forms from layers of sand, mud and shells pressed together and is where most fossils are found?
Correct answer: D
Sedimentary rock builds up in layers, which can bury and keep the remains of living things as fossils.
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Question 8
Which kind of rock forms when existing rock is changed by great heat and pressure deep underground?
Correct answer: D
"Metamorphic" means changed form. Heat and pressure change the rock without fully melting it.
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Question 9
Mineral A scratches mineral B. Mineral B scratches mineral C. Mineral C cannot scratch either of the others.
Which mineral is the hardest?
Correct answer: A
A harder mineral scratches a softer one. A scratches B, and B scratches C, so A is the hardest and C is the softest.
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Question 10
Tom puts sharp pieces of chalk in a jar of water, closes it and shakes it for five minutes. The pieces become smaller and rounder.
What does this model show?
Correct answer: C
Shaking makes the pieces bump into each other in water, just as rocks tumble in a fast river and lose their sharp edges.
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