GED Science Practice Test: Cells, Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
- Cells, Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
- 10 questions
- 15 minutes
These questions cover how cells are built and how living things capture and use energy. For the experiment questions, find what was changed on purpose and what was measured.
Tap an option to mark your answer. You can change your mind, or tap the same option again to leave the question blank. The correct answers and explanations appear when you finish the test.Tap an option to answer; tap it again to leave the question blank.
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Question 1
Which cell structure captures light energy for photosynthesis?
Correct answer: B
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light. Mitochondria release energy from food during respiration; they do not capture light.
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Question 2
A plant uses carbon dioxide, water and light energy to make food. What are the products of this process?
Correct answer: D
Photosynthesis turns carbon dioxide and water into glucose and releases oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials, not the products.
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Question 3
Which structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
Correct answer: A
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall outside the membrane. Both plant and animal cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes.
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Question 4
A student places a water plant in a beaker of water and shines a lamp on it from different distances. She counts the oxygen bubbles the plant gives off in 5 minutes.
Distance from lamp Bubbles in 5 minutes 10 cm 40 20 cm 22 30 cm 11 What is the independent variable in this experiment?
Correct answer: C
The independent variable is the one the student changes on purpose, which is the distance. The bubble count is the dependent variable, because it is what she measures.
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Question 5
A student places a water plant in a beaker of water and shines a lamp on it from different distances. She counts the oxygen bubbles the plant gives off in 5 minutes.
Distance from lamp Bubbles in 5 minutes 10 cm 40 20 cm 22 30 cm 11 Which conclusion is best supported by the data?
Correct answer: B
As the lamp moves farther away, less light reaches the plant and the bubble count falls, so photosynthesis slows. The plant still gave off 11 bubbles at 30 cm, so it did not stop.
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Question 6
In cellular respiration, cells break down glucose using oxygen. Which molecule stores the released energy in a form the cell can use right away?
Correct answer: D
Respiration transfers energy from glucose to ATP, which powers cell work. Carbon dioxide is a waste product of respiration and carries no usable energy for the cell.
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Question 7
An animal cell is placed in salt water that is much saltier than the fluid inside the cell. What will most likely happen?
Correct answer: A
In osmosis, water moves toward the side with more dissolved salt, so water leaves the cell and it shrinks. Swelling happens in water that is less salty than the cell.
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Question 8
A skin cell with 46 chromosomes divides by mitosis. How many chromosomes does each of the two new cells have?
Correct answer: C
Mitosis makes two cells that are genetically identical to the original, so each has 46 chromosomes. Halving to 23 happens only in meiosis, which makes egg and sperm cells.
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Question 9
A baker mixes yeast, sugar, flour and water. After an hour the dough has risen. What causes the dough to rise?
Correct answer: B
Yeast is a fungus that breaks down sugar without much oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide, which forms bubbles in the dough. Yeast cannot photosynthesize, so it does not produce oxygen.
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Question 10
Which list shows the levels of organization in the human body from simplest to most complex?
Correct answer: A
Similar cells form tissues, tissues form organs such as the heart, and organs work together in organ systems. An organ is made of tissues, so it cannot come before them.
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