Grade 3 Math Practice Test: Unknown Numbers in Multiplication and Division
- Unknown Numbers in Multiplication and Division
- 10 questions
- 12 minutes
These 10 questions ask you to find a missing number in equations like 6 × ☐ = 42 or ☐ ÷ 7 = 5. Tip: every division fact has a matching multiplication fact, so turn a division problem into a multiplication problem.
Tap an option to mark your answer. You can change your mind, or tap the same option again to leave the question blank. The correct answers and explanations appear when you finish the test.Tap an option to answer; tap it again to leave the question blank.
Your result
- 0 correct
- 0 wrong
- 0 blank
-
Question 1
What number goes in the box?
6 × ☐ = 42
Correct answer: D
6 × 7 = 42, so the missing factor is 7. 6 × 8 = 48, which is too much.
-
Question 2
What number goes in the box?
48 ÷ ☐ = 8
Correct answer: A
Think 8 × ☐ = 48. Since 8 × 6 = 48, the missing number is 6. 40 comes from subtracting 48 − 8 instead of dividing.
-
Question 3
What number goes in the box?
☐ ÷ 7 = 5
Correct answer: C
The missing number is the total, so multiply: 7 × 5 = 35. Check: 35 ÷ 7 = 5. 12 comes from adding 7 + 5.
-
Question 4
Which multiplication fact can help you solve 54 ÷ 9 = ☐?
Correct answer: B
Division asks "9 times what number is 54?" Because 9 × 6 = 54, the quotient is 6. 5 × 9 = 45 is a true fact, but it does not reach 54.
-
Question 5
Which equation is in the same fact family as 4 × 8 = 32?
Correct answer: B
A fact family uses the same three numbers, 4, 8 and 32, with multiplication and division. 32 ÷ 4 = 8 uses exactly those numbers. The other equations are true, but they use different numbers or operations.
-
Question 6
Sam puts all of his stickers into 4 equal piles. Each pile has 9 stickers. Which equation can be used to find s, the number of stickers Sam has?
Correct answer: A
The total s is split into 4 equal piles of 9, so s ÷ 4 = 9 (and s = 36). Adding 4 + 9 would not show equal groups.
-
Question 7
What number goes in the box?
☐ × 3 = 27
Correct answer: C
9 × 3 = 27, so the missing number is 9. 8 × 3 = 24, which is 3 less than 27.
-
Question 8
Ms. Lee puts 56 crayons into boxes. Each box gets 8 crayons. How many boxes does she fill?
Correct answer: D
Find 56 ÷ 8. Since 8 × 7 = 56, she fills 7 boxes. 48 comes from subtracting 56 − 8.
-
Question 9
Which number makes both equations true?
5 × ☐ = 40 40 ÷ 5 = ☐
Correct answer: A
Both equations come from the same fact: 5 × 8 = 40 and 40 ÷ 5 = 8. 35 and 45 come from subtracting or adding 5.
-
Question 10
Lena thinks of a number. When she divides it by 6, she gets 7. What is her number?
Correct answer: C
If the number ÷ 6 = 7, then the number = 6 × 7 = 42. 36 is 6 × 6, one group short.
Questions you leave blank are not counted as wrong.
More Math tests
MathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Picture Graphs and Line PlotsPicture Graphs and Line Plots10 questions12 min MathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Multiplication and DivisionMultiplication and Division12 questions15 minMathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Area and PerimeterArea and Perimeter12 questions15 minMathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Fractions on a Number LineFractions on a Number Line12 questions15 minMathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Time, Measurement and Bar GraphsTime, Measurement and Bar Graphs15 questions20 minMathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Rounding and EstimationRounding and Estimation10 questions12 minMathGrade 3 Math Practice Test: Addition and Subtraction Within 1,000Addition and Subtraction Within 1,00010 questions12 min