ATI TEAS Science Practice Test: Biology, Chemistry and Scientific Reasoning
- Biology, Chemistry and Scientific Reasoning
- 10 questions
- 12 minutes
Besides anatomy, the TEAS Science section asks about cell biology, genetics, basic chemistry and how experiments are designed. Tip: in experiment questions, name the variable that the researcher changes on purpose.
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Question 1
Which organelle produces most of a cell's ATP through cellular respiration?
Correct answer: D
Mitochondria carry out the later stages of cellular respiration and make most of the cell's ATP. Ribosomes build proteins.
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Question 2
What is the result of mitosis in a human body cell?
Correct answer: C
Mitosis copies the chromosomes and splits them evenly, giving two identical diploid cells. Four cells with half the chromosomes is the result of meiosis.
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Question 3
Two parents are both heterozygous (Aa) for a trait, and a is the recessive allele. What is the probability that their child will show the recessive trait (aa)?
Correct answer: D
A Punnett square for Aa × Aa gives AA, Aa, Aa and aa, so 1 of 4 outcomes is aa, or 25%. 75% is the chance of showing the dominant trait.
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Question 4
One strand of DNA has the base sequence A T G C. What is the sequence of the complementary strand?
Correct answer: C
In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine, so ATGC pairs with TACG. Uracil (U) is found in RNA, not DNA.
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Question 5
How does a solution with a pH of 3 compare with a solution with a pH of 5?
Correct answer: B
Each pH unit is a tenfold change, and a lower pH means more hydrogen ions. Two units lower means 10 × 10 = 100 times more.
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Question 6
Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes of the same element. In what way are their atoms different?
Correct answer: B
Isotopes have the same number of protons (the same atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons, so their mass numbers differ.
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Question 7
A researcher gives three groups of plants 0, 10 and 20 mL of fertilizer per week and measures their height after one month. What is the independent variable?
Correct answer: D
The independent variable is the one the researcher changes on purpose: the amount of fertilizer. Plant height is the dependent variable that is measured.
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Question 8
Which statement describes a covalent bond?
Correct answer: A
In a covalent bond, atoms share electron pairs, as in water or methane. Transferring electrons forms ions and an ionic bond.
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Question 9
To test whether a new mouthwash reduces plaque, one group of volunteers rinses with the mouthwash and another group rinses with plain water. All other conditions are the same. What is the role of the plain-water group?
Correct answer: B
The plain-water group does not receive the treatment, so it shows what happens without the mouthwash and serves as a baseline. The mouthwash group is the experimental group.
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Question 10
A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, which has a lower solute concentration than the inside of the cell. What will most likely happen?
Correct answer: A
Water moves by osmosis toward the higher solute concentration, which is inside the cell, so the cell swells. Shrinking happens in a hypertonic solution.
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