Biology Practice Test: Classification and Taxonomy

Domain is the broadest level and species the most specific. The second option has the right levels but in reverse order.

In binomial nomenclature the genus comes first with a capital letter, and the species name comes second in lowercase. Both words are written in italics.

Archaea are prokaryotes, like bacteria, but their membrane lipids and ribosomal RNA are distinct, and many live in extreme habitats. Fungi is a kingdom inside Eukarya, and eukaryotes have a nucleus.

The house cat and the wildcat share the same genus, Felis, the most specific level shared by any pair here. The house cat and the lion are only in the same family, Felidae.

Fungi are heterotrophs that release enzymes and absorb the digested food, and their walls are made of chitin. Plants make their own food and have cellulose walls.

The lizard and the dog share every trait the lizard has, including the amniotic egg, so they share the most recent common ancestor. The frog lacks the amniotic egg, so it branched off earlier.

Eight legs leads from 1b to step 3, and a single oval body part matches 3b, which is the tick. The spider also has eight legs, but its body has two clear parts.

An amoeba is a single-celled eukaryote that is not a plant, animal or fungus, so it is a protist. E. coli is a bacterium, yeast is a fungus, and moss is a plant.

DNA changes slowly over generations, so the number of differences reflects how long ago two lineages split. Body shape can mislead, because unrelated species can look alike.

Cellulose walls and photosynthesis in a multicellular eukaryote identify a plant. Fungi have chitin walls and do not photosynthesize, and animals have no cell walls.